Numbers 28
Laws for Offerings and Festivals
1The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,
2“Command the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘See that you present my offering, my food for my offerings made by fire, as a pleasant aroma to me, in their due season.’
3You shall tell them, ‘This is the offering made by fire which you shall offer to the LORD: male lambs a year old without defect, two day by day, for a continual burnt offering.
4You shall offer the one lamb in the morning, and you shall offer the other lamb at evening,
5with one tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering, mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil.
6It is a continual burnt offering which was ordained in Mount Sinai for a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.
7Its drink offering shall be the fourth part of a hin for each lamb. You shall pour out a drink offering of strong drink to the LORD in the holy place.
8The other lamb you shall offer at evening. As the meal offering of the morning, and as its drink offering, you shall offer it, an offering made by fire, for a pleasant aroma to the LORD.
9“‘On the Sabbath day, you shall offer two male lambs a year old without defect, and two tenths of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, and its drink offering:
10this is the burnt offering of every Sabbath, in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.
11“‘In the beginnings of your months, you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, seven male lambs a year old without defect,
12and three tenths of an ephah of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, for each bull; and two tenth parts of fine flour for a meal offering mixed with oil, for the one ram;
13and one tenth part of fine flour mixed with oil for a meal offering to every lamb, as a burnt offering of a pleasant aroma, an offering made by fire to the LORD.
14Their drink offerings shall be half a hin of wine for a bull, the third part of a hin for the ram, and the fourth part of a hin for a lamb. This is the burnt offering of every month throughout the months of the year.
15Also, one male goat for a sin offering to the LORD shall be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.
16“‘In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is the LORD’s Passover.
17On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast. Unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.
18In the first day shall be a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work,
19but you shall offer an offering made by fire, a burnt offering to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old. They shall be without defect,
20with their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil. You shall offer three tenths for a bull, and two tenths for the ram.
21You shall offer one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
22and one male goat for a sin offering, to make atonement for you.
23You shall offer these in addition to the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a continual burnt offering.
24In this way you shall offer daily, for seven days, the food of the offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD. It shall be offered in addition to the continual burnt offering and its drink offering.
25On the seventh day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
26“‘Also in the day of the first fruits, when you offer a new meal offering to the LORD in your feast of weeks, you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work;
27but you shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: two young bulls, one ram, seven male lambs a year old;
28and their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil, three tenths for each bull, two tenths for the one ram,
29one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
30and one male goat, to make atonement for you.
31Besides the continual burnt offering and its meal offering, you shall offer them and their drink offerings. See that they are without defect.
Numbers 28 establishes God's detailed instructions for regular sacrificial offerings that Israel must maintain throughout the year. The chapter systematically outlines daily burnt offerings, special Sabbath sacrifices, monthly new moon offerings, and the specific requirements for Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread. These regulations ensure consistent worship rhythm and demonstrate that approaching God requires careful attention to His prescribed methods, emphasizing both the regularity of devotion and the costliness of maintaining relationship with the holy God.
Context
This chapter begins a new section of cultic regulations following the census and inheritance laws, preparing Israel for organized worship in the promised land.
Key Themes
Outline
- 1-8Daily Burnt OfferingsTwo lambs offered morning and evening with grain and drink offerings as continual worship.
- 9-10Sabbath OfferingsAdditional sacrifices for the Sabbath day beyond the regular daily offerings.
- 11-15Monthly New Moon OfferingsElaborate sacrifices including bulls, rams, and lambs to mark the beginning of each month.
- 16-25Passover and Unleavened Bread FestivalSeven-day celebration with specific daily offerings and restrictions on work.
Laws for Offerings and Festivals
28:1–29:40God gives detailed instructions for daily, weekly, monthly, and festival offerings including burnt offerings, meal offerings, and drink offerings. These regulations establish the ritual calendar for Israel's worship.
person_contrast
Moses receives God's most detailed culinary calendar in Scripture, with "pleasant aroma" appearing 14 times across these two chapters—more than any other biblical section.
Numbers 28:2
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 15:3lexicaland will make an offering by fire to the LORD—a burnt offering, or a sacrifice, to accomplish a vow, or as a free will o…
Numbers 15:13lexical“‘All who are native-born shall do these things in this way, in offering an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma t…
Numbers 29:13lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Leviticus 1:13lexicalbut the innards and the legs he shall wash with water. The priest shall offer the whole, and burn it on the altar. It is…
Numbers 28:3
Numbers 29:13lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:36lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 6:14lexicaland he shall offer his offering to the LORD: one male lamb a year old without defect for a burnt offering, one ewe lamb…
Ezekiel 46:4lexicalThe burnt offering that the prince shall offer to the LORD shall be on the Sabbath day, six lambs without defect and a r…
Numbers 28:4
Exodus 29:41lexicalThe other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal offering of the morning and accordin…
Exodus 29:39lexicalThe one lamb you shall offer in the morning; and the other lamb you shall offer at evening;
Esther 2:14lexicalIn the evening she went, and on the next day she returned into the second women’s house, to the custody of Shaashgaz, th…
Genesis 1:8lexicalGod called the expanse “sky”. There was evening and there was morning, a second day.
Numbers 9:11lexicalIn the second month, on the fourteenth day at evening they shall keep it; they shall eat it with unleavened bread and bi…
Numbers 28:5
Exodus 29:40lexicaland with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
Leviticus 23:13lexicalThe meal offering with it shall be two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire to the…
Numbers 15:4lexicalthen he who offers his offering shall offer to the LORD a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed wit…
Ezekiel 46:14lexicalYou shall prepare a meal offering with it morning by morning, the sixth part of an ephah, and the third part of a hin of…
Numbers 15:9lexicalthen he shall offer with the bull a meal offering of three tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with half a hin of oil…
Numbers 28:6
Numbers 29:6lexicalin addition to the burnt offering of the new moon with its meal offering, and the continual burnt offering with its meal…
Leviticus 8:21lexicalHe washed the innards and the legs with water; and Moses burned the whole ram on the altar. It was a burnt offering for…
Exodus 29:25lexicalYou shall take them from their hands, and burn them on the altar on the burnt offering, for a pleasant aroma before the…
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Exodus 29:18lexicalYou shall burn the whole ram on the altar: it is a burnt offering to the LORD; it is a pleasant aroma, an offering made…
Numbers 28:7
Numbers 15:5lexicalYou shall prepare wine for the drink offering, one fourth of a hin, with the burnt offering or for the sacrifice, for ea…
Exodus 29:40lexicaland with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
Numbers 28:8
Exodus 29:41lexicalThe other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal offering of the morning and accordin…
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:6lexicalin addition to the burnt offering of the new moon with its meal offering, and the continual burnt offering with its meal…
Exodus 29:39lexicalThe one lamb you shall offer in the morning; and the other lamb you shall offer at evening;
Numbers 15:10lexicaland you shall offer for the drink offering half a hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the…
Numbers 28:9
Leviticus 14:10lexical“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Exodus 29:40lexicaland with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
Leviticus 14:21lexical“If he is poor, and can’t afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make…
Numbers 15:4lexicalthen he who offers his offering shall offer to the LORD a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed wit…
Numbers 29:14lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 28:10
Ezekiel 45:17lexicalIt shall be the prince’s part to give the burnt offerings, the meal offerings, and the drink offerings, in the feasts, a…
Numbers 29:38lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:31lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and the drink offe…
Numbers 29:28lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, and its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:19lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 28:11
Numbers 29:8lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD for a pleasant aroma: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year…
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:13lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Numbers 29:2lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old…
Numbers 29:36lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 28:12
Numbers 29:14lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 29:9lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the one ram,
Numbers 29:3lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the ram,
Numbers 15:6lexical“‘For a ram, you shall prepare for a meal offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the third part of a h…
Leviticus 14:10lexical“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Numbers 28:13
Leviticus 23:13lexicalThe meal offering with it shall be two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil, an offering made by fire to the…
Leviticus 14:10lexical“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Leviticus 14:21lexical“If he is poor, and can’t afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make…
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Exodus 29:40lexicaland with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
Numbers 28:14
Numbers 15:5lexicalYou shall prepare wine for the drink offering, one fourth of a hin, with the burnt offering or for the sacrifice, for ea…
Exodus 29:40lexicaland with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the…
1 Chronicles 29:21lexicalThey sacrificed sacrifices to the LORD and offered burnt offerings to the LORD on the next day after that day, even one…
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 15:7lexicaland for the drink offering you shall offer the third part of a hin of wine, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD.
Numbers 28:15
Numbers 29:25lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 29:11lexicalone male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the sin offering of atonement, and the continual burnt offering, and it…
Numbers 29:19lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 29:16lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 15:24lexicalthen it shall be, if it was done unwittingly, without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall…
Numbers 28:16
2 Chronicles 35:1lexicalJosiah kept a Passover to the LORD in Jerusalem. They killed the Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month.
Ezekiel 45:21lexical“‘“In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, you shall have the Passover, a feast of seven days; unleavene…
Leviticus 23:5lexicalIn the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month in the evening, is the LORD’s Passover.
Numbers 9:5lexicalThey kept the Passover in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, in the wilderness of Sinai. Ac…
Ezra 6:19lexicalThe children of the captivity kept the Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month.
Numbers 28:17
Leviticus 23:6lexicalOn the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread to the LORD. Seven days you shall eat unleavened…
Leviticus 23:34lexical“Speak to the children of Israel, and say, ‘On the fifteenth day of this seventh month is the feast of booths for seven…
Numbers 29:12lexical“‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall k…
Leviticus 23:39lexical“‘So on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruits of the land, you shall keep the fea…
Ezekiel 45:25lexical“‘“In the seventh month, on the fifteenth day of the month, during the feast, he shall do like that for seven days. He s…
Numbers 28:18
Leviticus 23:35lexicalOn the first day shall be a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
Leviticus 23:7lexicalIn the first day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
Leviticus 23:21lexicalYou shall make proclamation on the same day that there shall be a holy convocation to you. You shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 29:1lexical“‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 29:12lexical“‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall k…
Numbers 28:19
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:13lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Numbers 29:36lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 29:8lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD for a pleasant aroma: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year…
Numbers 29:2lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old…
Numbers 28:20
Numbers 29:14lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 29:9lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the one ram,
Numbers 29:3lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the ram,
Numbers 15:6lexical“‘For a ram, you shall prepare for a meal offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the third part of a h…
Numbers 15:9lexicalthen he shall offer with the bull a meal offering of three tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with half a hin of oil…
Numbers 28:21
Numbers 29:10lexicalone tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
Numbers 29:4lexicaland one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
Numbers 28:22
Leviticus 16:27lexicalThe bull for the sin offering, and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the Ho…
Numbers 29:5lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, to make atonement for you;
Numbers 28:23
Numbers 29:31lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and the drink offe…
Numbers 29:19lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 29:28lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, and its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:16lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 29:34lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
Numbers 28:24
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:6lexicalin addition to the burnt offering of the new moon with its meal offering, and the continual burnt offering with its meal…
Numbers 29:36lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Exodus 29:41lexicalThe other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal offering of the morning and accordin…
Numbers 15:10lexicaland you shall offer for the drink offering half a hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the…
Numbers 28:25
Numbers 29:1lexical“‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 29:12lexical“‘On the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work. You shall k…
Leviticus 23:8lexicalBut you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD seven days. In the seventh day is a holy convocation. You shall…
Exodus 12:16lexicalIn the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no kind of work sh…
Numbers 29:7lexical“‘On the tenth day of this seventh month you shall have a holy convocation. You shall afflict your souls. You shall do n…
Numbers 28:26
Leviticus 23:8lexicalBut you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD seven days. In the seventh day is a holy convocation. You shall…
Leviticus 23:36lexicalSeven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to the LORD. On the eighth day shall be a holy convocation to you. Y…
Leviticus 23:21lexicalYou shall make proclamation on the same day that there shall be a holy convocation to you. You shall do no regular work.…
Leviticus 23:7lexicalIn the first day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no regular work.
Numbers 29:1lexical“‘In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no regular work.…
Numbers 28:27
Leviticus 23:18lexicalYou shall present with the bread seven lambs without defect a year old, one young bull, and two rams. They shall be a bu…
Numbers 29:8lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD for a pleasant aroma: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year…
Numbers 29:13lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, of a pleasant aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two r…
Numbers 29:2lexicalYou shall offer a burnt offering for a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven male lambs a year old…
Numbers 29:36lexicalbut you shall offer a burnt offering, an offering made by fire, a pleasant aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven m…
Numbers 28:28
Numbers 29:14lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for every bull of the thirteen bulls, two tenths for ea…
Numbers 29:9lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the one ram,
Numbers 29:3lexicaland their meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths for the bull, two tenths for the ram,
Numbers 15:6lexical“‘For a ram, you shall prepare for a meal offering two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with the third part of a h…
Leviticus 14:10lexical“On the eighth day he shall take two male lambs without defect, one ewe lamb a year old without defect, three tenths of…
Numbers 28:29
Numbers 29:10lexicalone tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
Numbers 29:4lexicaland one tenth for every lamb of the seven lambs;
Numbers 28:31
Numbers 29:38lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:31lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering; in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and the drink offe…
Numbers 29:28lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, and its meal offering, and its drink…
Numbers 29:19lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, with its meal offering and their drin…
Numbers 29:16lexicaland one male goat for a sin offering, in addition to the continual burnt offering, its meal offering, and its drink offe…
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Historical Context
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